ʻO kahi ʻāpana membrane huna māmā, ʻike ʻia hoʻi he papa alakaʻi kukui, kahi mea hana e hoʻohana ʻia e puʻunaue pono i ka mālamalama.Hoʻohana maʻamau ia i nā hōʻike uila, nā kukui uila, a me nā hōʻike hoʻolaha.Aia ka papa i kahi ʻāpana lahilahi o nā mea maʻemaʻe a i ʻole translucent, e like me ka polyester
a i ʻole polycarbonate, i kālai ʻia me ke ʻano o nā kiko, nā laina, a i ʻole nā ʻano ʻano ʻē aʻe.ʻO ke ʻano paʻi ʻana he alakaʻi māmā, e kuhikuhi ana i ke kukui mai kahi kumu, e like me nā LED, e hōʻike i loko o ka panel a e puʻunaue like i ka ʻili.huna ka paʻi ʻana a hāʻawi i kahi hōʻike kiʻi i makemake ʻia, inā ʻaʻohe kukui, hiki i nā puka makani ke hūnā a ʻike ʻole ʻia.Hiki ke hoʻololi maʻalahi ka papa kiʻi e hoʻohou i ka hōʻike.Hāʻawi nā panela alakaʻi māmā i nā pōmaikaʻi ma mua o nā ʻōnaehana kukui kuʻuna, me ka ʻōlinolino kiʻekiʻe, ka ikaika o ka ikehu, a me ka hana haʻahaʻa wela.He māmā hoʻi lākou a hiki ke hana ʻia i nā ʻano nui a me nā ʻano like ʻole e kūpono i nā noi like ʻole.